This site attempts to protect users against Cross-Site Request Forgeries attacks. In order to do so, you must have JavaScript enabled in your web browser otherwise this site will fail to work correctly for you. See details of your web browser for how to enable JavaScript. Skip to Main Content Library - University of Liverpool
Toggle mobile navigation
Getting started with the Library

Management School: Referencing for ULMS

The most common referencing formats for Management School students can be found on this page.  The referencing style used by all Management School programmes is Cite them Right Harvard.  You can access a comprehensive guide to this referencing style by clicking on the Cite them Right icon below or a short PDF quick guide via this link. 

 

 

How to reference: BOOKS AND EBOOKS

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) Title. Edition (if applicable). Place of publication: Publisher.

Example:

Cornelissen, J. (2014) Corporate communication: a guide to theory and practice. 4th edn. Los Angeles: SAGE.

 

How to reference: ACADEMIC JOURNAL ARTICLES

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) 'Title of article', Title of journal, Volume(Issue), page reference. doi: doi number.

Example:

Hunter-Jones, P. (2014) 'Changing family structures and childhood socialisation: a study of leisure consumption', Journal of Marketing Management, 30(15), pp. 1533-1553. doi: 10.1080/0267257X.2014.930503

 

How to reference: CASE STUDIES

Knowing how to reference a case study in your reference list depends on where the case study has come from:

  •  If you found the case study in an academic journal, then reference it in the same way that you would an academic journal article. 
  •  If you found it on a website, reference it as you would a webpage.
  •  If you found it in the FT, the Economist or similar, reference it as you would a news article.
  •  If you found it in a database such as MarketLine, reference it as you would a market report.

How to reference: COMPANY ANNUAL REPORTS

Use this format for annual reports authored by the company or organisation themselves.

Author or organisation (Year of publication) Title of report. Place of publication: publisher OR Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

BSkyB Ltd. (2011) Annual report 2011. Available at: http://annualreview2011.sky.com/_assets/downloads/PDF/SKY-AnnRep2011/Full_Annual_Report_2011.pdf (Accessed: 8 January 2013).

 

How to reference: COMPANY, MARKET & INDUSTRY REPORTS

Use this format for information from databases such as FAME, Hoover's, MarketLine, Euromonitor or Mintel.

Author or organisation (year) Title of report. DOI or Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example:

Mintel (2016) Car insurance UK. Available at: http://academic.mintel.com.liverpool.idm.oclc.org (Accessed: 5 January 2018).

 

How to reference: NEWS ARTICLES

PRINT

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) 'Title of article', Title of Newspaper (Edition) Day and month, Page reference.

Example:

Mansell, W. and Bloom, A. (2012) '£10,000 carrot to tempt physics experts', The Guardian, 20 June, p. 5.

ONLINE

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) 'Title of article', Title of Newspaper, Day month. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example:

Roberts, D. and Ackerman, S. (2013) 'US draft resolution allows Obama 90 days for military action against Syria', The Guardian, 4 September. Available at: http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/04/syria-strikes-draft-resolution-90-days (Accessed: 9 September 2015).

 

How to reference: WEBSITES

Author/organisation (Year the page was last updated) Title of website. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

Example:

Samsung (2016) Values and beliefs of Samsung. Available at: http://www.samsung.com/uk/aboutsamsung/samsung/valuesphilosophy_03.html (Accessed: 16/12/2016).